Abstract
Infections of pacemakers and implantable cardioverter-defibrillators represent serious complication, the correct diagnosis of which may be often challenging. The infection of those systems has to be considered also in cases with a very atypical clinical course (that we often see in the old and polymorbid patients), especially because it is complication that is still associated with a very high mortality.
The high mortality rate is attributed not only to the infection of the system itself that causes continuous bacteriemia, but also to the risk of septic1embolizations and complication during explantation and prolonged antibiotic treatment.