Abstract
In last years, diagnostics and treatment of localized prostate cancer were improved. Introduction of a new methods caused rising detection of patients, for whom, due to the age or comorbidities, radical therapy is with relative benefit.
Decision, whether single cancer is for concrete patient clinically significant or not, is often complicated. Common prognostic factors are not able to solve this problem.
Familiar and hereditary prostate cancer definition leads modern scientific research to detection of genetic dispositions of a single patient to develop a disease. There were detected a number of candidate genes and genomic areas, where alterations or polymorphisms are frequently present in patients with prostate cancer or in prostate cancer families.
Detail analysis of genetic alterations and polymorphisms and relationships between single genes will be an object of intensive research in next years.