The application of multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells in reconstructive surgery has a long history. Currently these cells are used for purposes of somatic stem cell therapy and tissue engineering.
Orthopedic basal research had also reached preclinical stage and entered clinical studies. For a patient safety assurance these new applications are strictly regulated but these regulations have not yet been harmonized worldwide.
That is why autogenic bone graft stays a gold standard in bone regeneration until the experimental assumptions would be proven in clinical practice.