Bisphosphonates in Calcific Aortic Stenosis: Association with Slower Progression in Mild Disease - A Pilot Retrospective Study
Abstract
Objectives: An association between aortic valve calcification and osteoporosis has been observed. The aim of this study was to assess the association between bisphosphonate treatment for osteoporosis and the progression of calcific aortic stenosis (AS).
Methods: A retrospective study of patients with AS (mean gradient >= 10 mm Hg), preserved renal function and two echocardiographies >8 months apart was performed. The patients were divided into those treated with bisphosphonates for osteoporosis and those not treated and then subdivided into mild (mean gradient <30 mm Hg) and moderate-to-severe AS groups.
We compared the annualized gradient change between the groups and identified predictors of AS progression. Results: We analyzed the outcomes of 103 patients (51% females, age 68 +/- 10 years, follow-up 29 +/- 13 months), of whom 57 had mild and 46 moderate-to-severe AS.
Bisphosphonates were taken by 28 patients, of whom 22 had mild and 6 moderate-to-severe AS. In the patients with mild AS, the annualized mean gradient change was lower in the bisphosphonate-treated than in the untreated patients (0.1 +/- 3.3 vs. 2.8 +/- 3.3 mm Hg/year; p = 0.002) and was negatively associated with bisphosphonate treatment (beta coefficient -2.36%, 95% confidence interval -4.47 to -0.26; p = 0.028) independent of age, gender and baseline gradient.
Conclusion: Bisphosphonate treatment was independently associated with slower progression of mild AS in patients with preserved renal function.