Results of the study mapping cell reactivity against diabetogeneic autoantigens in type 1 diabetes patients and in their relatives
Abstract
We evaluated production of 23 cytokines and chemokines by peripheral blood mononuclear cells prior and post specific stimulation. We tested type 1 diabetes patients (T1D, n = 60), their first degree relatives (n = 70) and healthy controls (n = 60).
For specific stimulation whole GAD65 molecule, 3 GAD65 derived peptides , peptide of proinsulin and IA2 were used. Relatives were divided according to their autoantibody status into " negative" (n = 60) and " positive" groups (n = 10).
For cytokine and chemokine detection ELISPOT, protein microarray and ELISA were used. Basal as well as post stimulation production of cytokines and chemokines was different within the groups.
Unique results were observed in the group of relatives with positive autoantibody(ies). In this group the most prominent was low Th2 cytokine production (p < 0,001 for IL-5 as well as for IL-13, comp. to controls).
Also in other parameters we observed significant differences when compared to controls or to T1D patients. After stimulation the most prominent was difference in TNF-beta production.
Relatives with autoantibodies had higher production of this cytokine (p < 0,001, comp.to controls). Suggested procedure may be used to monitor cellular autoreactivity f.e. in prediabetes.