Abstract
Many recent findings on H. pylori are still of a theoretical nature and their practical application is yet to come. Previous knowledge has significantly contributed to the understanding of the poorly explained pathogenetic mechanisms of gastroduodenal ulcers, MALT lymphoma and gastric cancer, and has enabled conservative therapy for some of these diseases.
Recent data suggest that the effectiveness of eradication therapy is declining, especially due to the increasing antibiotic resistance of H. pylori, depending on age, smoking and extent of bacterial population. In the long run, it is necessary to consider changing the choice of antibiotics, the use of probiotics, and possibly vaccination, if available.