Sweeping ethno-demographic changes in Kazakhstan during the 20th century: A dramatic story of mass migration waves part I: From the turn of the 19th century to the end of the Soviet era

Abstract

The aim of the paper is to trace the changes in the total population and its ethno-demographic structure in Kazakhstan from the end of the 19th century to the very end of the 1980s, and to determine the role of migration in these changes. Systematization of migration policies is presented, and the effect of past migration processes in Kazakhstan is discussed.

The presented research is based on census data.

Keywords

• Kazakhstan
• population
• migration
• ethnic structure
• Russian Empire
• Soviet Union