Abstract
Gymnastics is considered a system of physical exercises which, in various forms, play a considerable role in movement programmes for all population groups: from children and the youth, to adults and seniors; including application of gymnastic exercises to help people with specific needs. The current concept of gymnastics is based on traditional physical education systems created during the 19th century in Central Europe, by Miroslav Tyrš of the Czech Republic.
The concept of gymnastics continues to develop in relation to social-cultural environment. Gymnastic content and didactic procedures are continually modernised according to the needs and expectations of individuals, groups and society.
The original austerity of gymnastics - characterised by its precisely organised activities "free physical exercise and physical exercise with apparatus" - is currently being overshadowed by the offer of gymnastic programmes melding exercise and music which focus on optimum rhythm and aesthetic performance of movement, and stimulating movement creativity. Such an approach is nearly akin to psychomotor learning in some aspects, and is coincidentally suitable for application in support of movement therapy.
From a certain viewpoint, the concept of physical literacy can be used for the process of movement education, which focuses on the conscious learning of movement and basic movement skills.