Abstract
Blood plays an important role in the first contact with the implant material, the living tissue of the recipient. The presence of blood in the surgical wound and adhesion proteins on the surface of the implant is necessary for a successful healing.
A key role in these processes have the physicochemical properties of the surface materials used. Blood clots not only connects the outer edges of the wound, but also fills the space between the wall of the bone and the implant bed.
This isolates the space from the outside environment and serves as a barrier against possible infection. The resulting fibrin fibers creates a temporal connection between bone bed and implant surface and allow migration of cells from the bone to the implant surface.
Therefore, rapid formation of a blood clot particularly important for the initial stage of healing, that is the primary fixation of the implant into the bone. The aim of the study was to compare the effect of different finishes commercially available materials for the production of implants on the course and speed of formation of a blood clot.
Surface properties were evaluated implant materials - surface roughness, surface free energy and surface wettability. The test materials were exposed to rabbit blood.
Clot formation was evaluated by SEM, both qualitatively and quantitatively. The study confirmed the influence of the surface roughness and the type of material for the formation of coagulum on the surface smoother blood clot more slowly on the surface with higher roughness blood coagulated faster.
Influence of surface free energy and wettability was demonstrated. The most suitable material in terms of the number of monitored parameters (elements, fibers, net / clot) and the speed of clot formation was surface modified with titanium etching.