The article deals with the outcomes of a monitoring procedure resulting from the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities, primarily the position of the Consultative Committee of that Convention. The report of the Consultative Committee clearly states that the main problem in the position of national minorities in the Czech Republic concerns the situation of Roma minority in relation to its discrimination, education and social position, the representation of minorities in the committees for minority self-governance and in the administration of public affairs in general, the issue of state citizenship as a criterion for the minority status and the issue of collecting data regarding the number of members of national minorities.