Abstract
Poor nutrition, in addition to an overall lack of exercise, is one of the major issues of the current children's lifestyle. The most common consequence is the increase in overweight and obesity and decrease of physical fitness.
In the Czech Republic we have currently about 19% of girls and 18.5% of boys are overweight and obese are then 11% of girls and 10.5% of boys aged 6-14 years. The basic questions needed to be answered when designing exercise intervention for body mass (BM) reduction: Are the physical assumptions affected by overweight or obese state? The exercise predispositions can be evaluated by the extracellular (ECM) and intracellular (BCM) mass ratio.
To verify the dependence of the ECM/BCM on BM we determinate body fat content (%BF) and calculated ECM/BCM for girls (normal BM, N=3598, mean age=12.6+-3.5years, %BF=19.9+-0.4%; overweight, 685, 12.7+-3.3, 25.3+-0.5; obese, 396, 12.8+-3.4, 30.6+-0.8), and in boys (normal BM, N=4810, mean age=12.8+-3.7years, 19.8+-0.4; overweight, 866, 12.6+-3.3, 25.0+-0.5; obese, 530, 12.8+-3.4, 30.1+-0.6) differing in BM. The body composition variables were determinate by bioimpedance analysis with use of predicting equation that have been validated for the Czech children's population.
We did not find significant differences in the ECM/BCM in girls and the same in boys, and non-significant dependence on BM. In conclusion: 1.the morphological predispositions for exercise are not dependent on BM, 2.do not exist any objective limitations for regular exercise realized in the children, 3.for successful management of an overweight and/or obesity, it is necessary to influence both the diet and exercise.