The article outlines the close relationship between the Prague Linguistic Circle and English Studies at Charles University from the foundation of the Circle in 1926 to the present day. It characterizes the role of Vilém Mathesius, Bohumil Trnka, Josef Vachek, Ivan Poldauf and Jiří Nosek in the Circle's constitution, activities and elaboration of the Prague School tenets and points out the contribution of the Circle's living ideas to present-day English studies in the context of contemporary linguistic trends.