The study critically evaluates ethnological work of Czech Romantic mythologist and archaeologist Václav Krolmus (1790-1861) and its role in intellectual movements of his age. Special emphasis is put on his important folkloristical documentation which is, contrary to critique of Positivist ethnographers of early 20th century, re-evaluated not only as precious collection of primary sources about the oldest forms of traditional folk culture, but also as interesting interdisciplinary project of the period which combined approaches of various historical disciplines and Humanities.