Abstrakt
The wide-ranging issue of drug use and substance addiction makes addictology a multifaceted field of study. Accordingly, research into such issues must be equally multifaceted and comprehensive in embracing the bio-psycho-socio-spiritual model of addiction.
Preclinical approaches play an indispensable role in the research methods employed in addictology. Animal model-based experiments are common and useful tools for studying factors that are significant in terms of the development and maintenance of addiction, while providing valuable information needed to understand the core addiction-related mechanisms.
The use of animals in pre-clinical research requires strict adherence to the ethical code, the choice of alternative methods, where applicable, and the refinement of the existing animal models. The present review summarises selected methods commonly used in pre-clinical addiction research.
In addition to general basic behavioural methods, specific models of addiction are presented. Animal models of addiction are utilised in research into the addictive potential of drugs and in testing new pharmaceuticals to be used to treat addiction.
They also provide a framework for psychological therapeutic or preventive tools intended to promote coping strategies in clients with a chemical dependency.