Abstract
In recent years, immunotherapy has proved to be a promising therapeutic modality in bronchogenic carcinoma as well. Of particular interest is the blockade of immune checkpoints, which inhibit physiological immune mechanisms, and antigen-specific immunotherapy with vaccines.
Treatment with the blockade of immune checkpoints involves monoclonal antibodies blocking CTLA-4 (cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen) and antibodies blocking the PD1 receptor (programmed cell death membrane protein) and its ligand PD-L1.