Abstract
The aim of the article is summarize the knowledge about the causes of joint hypermobility and its relationship to sports activities, thereby contributing to the expansion of the issue in kinantropology. The article describes the positive significance of joint hypermobility for the sports industry, but also justifies the importance of this issue in terms of locomotor system disorders.
The work includes clearing of hypermobility and presents an overview of its occurrence, the possibility of a diagnosis. According to the typical changes in the properties of connective tissues that are felt elsewhere than in the joint is separated by several forms of heritable disorders of connective tissue such as Marfan syndrome, osteogenesis imperfecta and Ehlers-Danlos syndrome.
Much of the work is devoted to the possibilities of genetic coding as it may cause mutations in certain genes as possible causes of joint hypermobility are mentioned mainly mutations in the genes encoding collagen of various types, is here presented mutations non-collagen molecule tenascin-X. Also mentioned is the influence of ethnicity, which was a higher incidence of hypermobility in African and Asian populations, cross-gender, where different forms of hypermobility can be found in up to 40% of women, age and the relationship between sports activities.