Cessation of Nocturnal Enuresis After Intervention with Methylcobalamin in an 18-Year-Old Patient with Autism
Abstract
Nocturnal enuresis, incontinence in discrete episodes while asleep, is one of the most common disorders among children (Neve us et al. 2006). It is a multifactorial disorder.
Several risk factors have been described so far, including developmental delay, as well as genetic and psychosocial factors (Butler 2004; Caldwell et al. 2005). Clinical categorization distinguishes monosymptomatic enuresis, which is usually linked to the abnormal nocturnal vasopressin release or polyuria, and non-monosymptomatic enuresis caused by bladder dysfunction or overactivity (Butler 2004; Deshpande and Caldwell 2012; Naseri and Hiradfar 2012).
Children with developmental delay and other neurological disorders often develop nocturnal enuresis ( Jarvelin 1989; Simonoff et al. 2008; Zhao et al. 2009; Gor et al. 2012; Nappo 2012). The treatment of enuresis in these patients is more difficult because of psychological and behavioral changes.
Pharmacological intervention using desmopressin and anticholinergic drugs is questionable, because of the mixed outcomes from the treatment (Naitoh et al. 2005; Yucel et al. 2011; Gor et al. 2012), as well as severe side effects ( Muller et al. 2004; Gish et al. 2009; Friedman et al. 2011). Here, we report a case of disappearance of nocturnal enuresis in an 18-year-old patient with childhood autism after oral application of a low dose of methylcobalamin.
The patient was enrolled in the study to examine the effect of methylcobalamin on the psycho- behavioral profile in patients with autism.