Abstract
Hyponatremia is frequent and confers significant morbidity and mortality. It can be caused by a number of different conditions and diseases, e.g. renal, liver and kidney failure, endocrinological disorders, brain damage, etc.
Often, it is a consequence of medication. It causes various symptoms from brain oedema to higher incidence of fractures.
Diagnosis should be rapid and treatment promptly initiated. Both algorithms are subject to new European guidelines.
It is essential to monitor the velocity of correction to prevent osmotic demyelination syndrome.