Salicylanilide carbamates: Promising antibacterial agents with high in vitro activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)
Abstract
A series of twenty-one salicylanilide N-alkylcarbamates was assessed for novel antibacterial characteristics against three clinical isolates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and S. aureus ATCC 29213 as the reference and quality control strain. The minimum inhibitory concentration was determined by the broth dilution micro-method with subsequent subcultivation of aliquots to assess minimum bactericidal concentration.
The bactericidal kinetics was established by time-kill assay. Ampicillin, ciprofloxacin and vancomycin were used as reference antibacterial drugs.
All the tested compounds exhibited highly potent anti-MRSA activity (<= 0.008-4 mu g/mL) comparable or up to 250x higher than that of vancomycin, the standard in the treatment of serious MRSA infections. 4-Chloro-2-(3,4-di chlorophenylcarbamoyl)phenyl butylcarbamate and 4-chloro-2-(3,4-dichlorophenylcarbamoyl)phenyl ethylcarbamate were the most active compounds. In most cases, compounds provided reliable bacteriostatic activity, except for 4-chloro-2-(4-chlorophenylcarbamoyl)phenyl decylcarbamate exhibiting bactericidal effect at 8 h (for clinical isolate of MRSA 63718) and at 24 h (for clinical isolates of MRSA SA 630 and MRSA SA 3202) at 4x MIC.
Structure-activity relationships are discussed.