Abstract
Tinnitus is a common problem with higher prevalence in civilized countries. The basic division distinguishes objective tinnitus, often resulting from vascular anomalies and subjective tinnitus, which is more common and whose aetiopathogenesis is not fully understood.
Risk factors for tinnitus are common cardiovascular risks, elevated BMI, hypertension, dyslipidemia, exposure to excessive noise and hearing disorders in general. Also important are the psychological aspects of a particular individual.
Tinnitus can be associated with other diseases of the nervous system such as multiple sclerosis or the vestibular schwannoma. Tinnitus can be provoked by selected medication (salicylates, aminoglycoside antibiotics, cytostatics).
Treatment of tinnitus is complicated, we recommend different modalities such as pharmacotherapy, physical therapy, psychotherapy and rehabilitation.