Guidelines for assessment of emissions of hazardous substances from road transport and external costs from their impact on human health
Abstract
The methodology presents new methods for determination emission of hazardous pollutants from road transport (with focus on specific modes, leading to an increase of emissions) and for quantification of related physical effects on human health and their external costs. In its emission part the methodology includes procedures for calculations of: - Particle Number emissions; - emissions from CNG buses; - specifically increased emissions from public transport buses; - real world emissions (higher than tests results indicate) - recommendation.
In the area of physical effects and their monetary evaluating the methodology includes procedures for: - derivation of physical effects on human health and their monetary valuation (incl. monetary values); - determining the exposure-response functions for PM2.5, PM10, PN, NO2 and B[a]P, incl. aggregation; - derivation of background levels of health effects incidence / prevalence, risk- and age groups; - quantification of impacts on chronic mortality by life tables approach.