Abstract
The ancient Egyptian fortresses in Lower Nubia were the most impressive building form the Middle Kingdom. Unfortunately, most of them are currently under the water of the High Aswan Dam.
One of the still remaining questions is the identification of the function of the buildings inside the fortresses. One of the possibilities, how to find an answer to this question, is to compare the ancient Egyptian fortresses to fortification of other ancient cultures.
I my MA thesis I compared the Egyptian fortresses with the Roman forts, the most researched and best known ancient fortifications. My research showed that the ancient Egyptian fortification and Roman fortification were much more similar than expected due to the similar nature of the organization of the army and function of the fortifications.
These similarities also led me to a new theory of identification of the position of the treasuries in the Egyptian fortresses.