New developments in molecular diagnostics of carcinomas of the salivary glands: "translocation carcinomas"
Abstract
In recent years the discovery of translocations and the fusion oncogenes that they result in has changed the way diagnoses are made in salivary gland pathology. These genetic aberrations are recurrent; and at the very least serve as powerful diagnostic tools in salivary gland tumors diagnosis and classification.
They also show promise as prognostic markers and hopefully as targets of therapy. In this review the 4 carcinomas currently known toharbor translocations will be discussed, namely mucoepidermoid carcinoma, adenoid cystic carcinoma, mammary analogue secretory carcinoma, and hyalinizing clear cell carcinoma.
The discovery and implications of each fusion will be highlighted and how they have helped to reshape the current classification of salivary gland tumors.