IGF1 (insulin-like growth factor 1), basic characteristics, biological effect, age and gender dependence
Abstract
Signaling pathway of IGF1 (insulin-like growth factor 1) belongs to the most important growth pathways in the organism. This pathway has been studied for many years in connection with the growth and survival of cells and in recent years also in connection with the cancer development.
Over time, the step from IGF1 serum levels to the mapping of the occurrence of IGF1 in tissues was done, further, we observed that the effect is mediated by a specific receptor, which is located on the cell surface. Finally, we found location of genes which encoded IGF1, its binding protein and its receptor.
The entire way of IGF1 in human body was described, from its synthesis, transport in serum and receptor binding. Also the individual components of cellular signaling pathways were identified starting IGF1 receptor till the individual effectors within the cell.
These findings allow us to give an idea about the functioning of IGF1 and its role in the growth, differentiation and cell surviving. IGF1 depends on age and gender, which must be respected when reference ranges are established.