Abstrakt
Introduction: Currently, AIDS is the worldwide leading cause of death among 15- to 59-year-old individuals. This trend has had particularly harsh social and economic consequences in sub-Saharan Africa, where more than half of global AIDS deaths take place.
In the United States, an estimated 1.2 million people are infected with HIV. In 2012, a worldwide estimate of 1.7 million deaths due to AIDS-related causes was reported.
About 10% to 12% of all AIDS patients will develop intracranial tumors. Differential diagnosis should rule out brain tumors such as central nervous system lymphoma and gliomas, as well as infectious processes such as toxoplasmosis, tuberculosis, and cryptococcosis.
Case Report: A 27-year-old homosexual man was referred to our care center after 2 months of disabling left frontal headache. Upon AIDS diagnosis, the patient was given abacavir (ABC), lamivudine (3TC), and efavirenz (EFV), but he discontinued the treatment after 9 months and failed to attend follow-up appointments.
Three years later, the patient returned to the hospital and received ABC, 3TC, and lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r). On admission, computed tomographic scan reported multiple contrast-enhancing lesions compatible with meningiomas.
The patient underwent uncomplicated surgical resection of the frontal basal lesion originating in the left olfactory bulb. No new neurological deficits were reported during the postoperative stay.
Conclusions: According to a literature revision, it is likely that associated meningiomas are more aggressive in AIDS patients. Severe immunosuppression and the HIV-Tat protein may be involved in the pathogenesis of tumoral growth.