Gender gap in mathematical and reading literacy and early tracking: trends in both countries after the dissolution of Czechoslovakia

Abstract

Using international surveys TIMSS, PIRLS, and PISA, we explore the trends in gender gaps in reading and mathematical literacy in the Czech and Slovak Republic during more than last decade. We explore the trends in the cross-sectional dimension at the 4th, and 8th to 9th grades and also at the cohort dimension as pupils' cohorts passed through the educational system.

Keywords

• gender gap
• education
• reading and mathematical literacy