Phthalates exposure indicators determined by urinary phthalate metabolites in healthy non-obese Czech adults: FANTOM study
Abstract
It is assumed that human exposure to phthalates may be associated with adverse health effects. The indicators of urinary phthalate metabolite concentrations in healthy adults are limited.
In our study the phthalate metabolites concentrations were detected from 24-hour urine collection in non-obese Czech adults (n=201). Each participant filled in an 80-item questionnaire (FANTOM-SQ 2013) regarding the outdoor and indoor sources of phthalates, the use of personal care products and the food intake sources.
The concentrations of 15 phthalates metabolites were analyzed following enzymatic cleavage of the glucuronide using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC -ESI-MS/MS). The indicators of chronic or acute exposure phthalate-containing materials were identified.
We have shown that higher fruit consumption was positively and significantly associated with higher level of total 15 urinary phthalates biomarkers (p-value <0.001). Regular meat consumption showed negative significant association with total 15 phthalates metabolites (p-value <0.01).
The use of personal care products was significantly and positively correlated with monoethyl phthalate urine concentrations (p-value <0.05). The analysis of the dietary behavior and the personal care products use in Czech non-obese population showed to be predictable tool in the level of phthalates exposure when high fruit consumption and personal care products use are linked to higher phthalate metabolites contents in the urine.
However this topic deserves more research.