Serum samples taken at diagnosis in 28 chronic myeloid leukemia patients were tested for the presence of 20 cytokines by a magnetic bead-based Bio-plex immunoassay. According to complete cytogenetic remission achieved at 12 months of treatment, patients were divided into groups with either optimal or non-optimal outcome.
Patients with increased cytokine levels tended to react optimally to the therapy more frequently than those others. TGF-beta 3 was a notable exception; its levels were significantly higher in patients with non-optimal outcomes.
Further analysis enabled us to define two combinations of cytokine cut-off levels-namely low TGF-beta 3 and either high IL-8 or high MCP-1-each of which corresponded to therapy outcome better than either Sokal or EUTOS scores.