Despite good progress in the management of patients with atrial fibrillation (AF), this arrhythmia remains one of the major causes of stroke, heart failure, sudden death, and cardiovascular morbidity in the world. Furthermore, the number of patients with AF is predicted to rise steeply in the coming years.
To meet the growing demand for effective care of patients with AF, new information is continually generated and published, and the last few years have seen substantial progress. Therefore, it seems timely to publish this 2nd edition of the ESC guidelines on AF.