Abstract
Ultrasonography is for diagnosing reflux diseases in children inappropriate. Contrast radiography of the esophagus is only suitable to describe the anatomical situation in the upper gastrointestinal (particularly the exclusion of anatomical abnormalities incl.
Hiatal hernia), not to diagnose reflux disease. Scintigraphic examination of the esophagus is not recommended for the diagnosis of reflux disease.
It's use is limited to the assessment of aspiration and slow gastric emptying. Esophageal manometry is in the diagnosis of reflux disease only minimal use.
Its main objective is to diagnose primary motility disorders of the esophagus. It can be used to identify the location and function of the LES.
The presence lipophages, lactose, glucose or pepsin in BAL is not specific for reflux disease. Detection of pepsin in saliva and secretions of the respiratory tract is still considered experimental method.