Abstract
Rosacea is a common, chronic, relapsing inflammatory skin condition consisting of various subtypes and degrees of severity. In 2002, rosacea was classified and standardized by the National Rosacea Society Expert Committee into 4 recognized subtypes, although these patterns often overlap in clinical practice.
There are rarer pediatric and granulomatous presentations. Uncommon skin condition is persistent edema of rosacea.
Several theories regarding the etiology of rosacea exist: a genetic component, but a rosacea gene has not been detected yet; an altered innate immune response; the presence of characteristic facial or ocular inflammation involving both the vascular and tissue stroma. Patient education regarding trigger avoidance and skin care techniques such as moisturizing and sun protection are important non-pharmacologic first steps in treating rosacea.
The treatment of rosacea including several topical drugs (ivermectin, metronidazole, antibiotics, azelaic acid, benzoyl peroxide, sulfacetamide/sulfur, retinoids) and oral ones (mainly tetracyclines, metronidazole, macrolides, isotretinoin). The ideal medication choice dependent on the symptoms and severity of each individual patient.
None of these therapies are completely curative. Rosacea profound effects on a person's psychological well-being.
Therefore, treating rosacea can greatly affect a person's quality of life. Clinician understanding and patient education are essential for compliance and successful treatment, with psychosomatic approach.