Abstract
Since approximately 1900, Africa has been experiencing one of the largest population growth spurts ever recorded. The demographic shift of the continent is especially visible in cities, where most of Sub-Saharan Africa's future population growth is projected to take place.
These circumstances make Africa an ideal place to examine the consequences of rapid demographic change for human security, as well as the coping mechanisms that are in place. Two specific case studies will be discussed, both of which are examples of large population growth creating enormous human security challenges: the Lake Victoria area and the city of Nairobi, focusing on its slum areas.