Abstract
Bacterial resistance counts to the most serious problems of modern medicine. Staphylococcus aureus is one of the bacteria in which the incidence of antibiotic resistance is a problem complicating the effective treatment of infectious diseases.
Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) is a typical pathogen in patients with a history of medical hospitalization. It induces a similar spectrum of diseases like methicillin-sensitive S. aureus strains, there is no higher virulence in MRSA strains.
Understanding the pathogenesis of staphylococcal infections and mechanisms of antibiotic resistance is essential for the development of new effective drugs. This article provides comprehensive information on the division of MRSA strains according to genetic and epidemiological characteristics to community, hospital and animal strains, their characteristics, differences and distribution.
This has a practical impact on the choice of optimal therapy and preventive measures. This review also summarizes MRSA treatment possibilities, the genetic background and basic mechanisms of staphylococcal antibiotic resistance.