Abstract
This is an article describing the origin and development of the hand surgery in Czech countries, Czechoslovakia and later in the Czech Republic. The beginning of hand surgery can be found in the Czech lands already in the second half of the 19th century, but the main one development took place in the second half of the twentieth century.
The article describes current situation in the field, way of education, publishing activity, medical care organizations in surgery and other aspects. It also describes the role Czech Society of Surgery of the Hand of CSL JEP currently.