Abstract
Chronic kidney disease in childhood always represents a severe condition, significantly impacting the child's quality of life. Epidemiologic and etiologic data are different from adult population.
In childhood, the most common causes for these conditions include congenital kidney and urinary tract defects and genetically determined nephropathies. Therapy for chronic kidney disease is mostly focused on prevention and treatment of complications, which can increase the mortality of the child patients both immediately and later in adulthood.
Pre-emptive kidney transplantation from a live of cadaverous donor is the primary choice of treatment in child patients who experience gradual worsening of renal parameters, because it enables the patients to avoid dialysis and it has the best overal prognosis.