The article examines the formation of stereotypical image of Ukraine (Malorossiya) and Ukrainians ( Chochols) in Russian literature during the second half of the XIX century to the first decade of the XX century. Because of political tensions between nationalities within the Russian Empire state government implemented a series of measures against Ukrainian culture and language.
The literature in this period becomes a tool of political influence. Literary works spread stereotypical image of the Ukrainian people - "Chochols" - as a sentimental, lazy, silly simpletons.
Such Chochols can be found in the works of many Russian writers of the examined period - Fyodor Dostoyevsky, Ivan Bunin, or Maxim Gorky.