Abstract
Nutrition in the newborn is intended not only to maintain and restore the integrity of the organism but also to its growth and development. Choosing an optimal diet is one of the prerequisites for successful therapy.
In functional gastrointestinal tract (GIT), enteral nutrition always takes precedence over parenteral nutrition, breast milk (MM) takes precedence over artificial food. This is mainly due to the functional integrity of the GIT, which occurs after 7 days of insufficient enteral intake.
In critically ill patients, this time is even shorter. MM has a preference for artificial food because of the presence of mucosal immunoglobulins and growth factors, which are especially useful in protecting the intestine from bacterial translocation and intestinal growth (which is especially important for patients with intestinal limb due to the possibility of developing short bowel syndrome and exsudative enteropathy) .