Abstract
Individual mammalian organisms, used as a biomedical model, represent partial benefits and drawbacks for transfer of knowledge into human medicine. Whereas some models, such as rhesus monkey, are more similar to human, its usage is difficult and controversial.
In contrast, well-designed combination of several mammalian models shows effective way how to verify a hypothesis and, based on conservativeness of observed phenomenon, implicate it into the human medicine. The aim of this overview is to compare individual mammalian biomodels, with respect to reproductive biology, elucidation of reproductive toxicology and, in particular, to an effect of endocrine disruptors.
The literature search is supplemented with own experimental designs and observations obtained using mouse and porcine models. Our findings point out advantages of in vivo exposure of oocyte, sperm or embryos of outbred mice to endocrine disruptors followed by verification using porcine in vitro treatment of cumulus-oocyte complexes with identical endocrine disrupting compound.
In summary, the association between in vivo and in vitro exposure suggests about highly-relevant and available model for testing of endocrine disruptors and risk assessment for human reproductive health.