Abstract
The most common cause of nose loss is an oncological resection or injury. Other causes occur marginally.
The basis of diagnostics is exact determination of the extent of the defect of individual nasal layers - the internal lining, the nasal framework and the skin coverage. Classification of the nose defect determines the extent and surgical tactics of reconstruction.
The goal of the reconstruction is to achieve a good functional and aesthetic result. The evolution of nose reconstruction has followed three basic streams - the Indian method of the forehead, the Italian method from the arm and the French method of the lateral cheek.
From these methods, the concept of paramedian forehead flap reconstruction proved to be the most successful. Three American surgeons - Millard, Burget, and Menicka are considered to be the founders of the modern reconstruction of the nose.
Their work at the end of the 20th century has fundamentally changed the concept of nasal reconstruction.