Abstract
Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is a widespread metabolic disease characterized by a glucose metabolic disorder. In rehabilitation, we often meet diabetic patients, as some secondary complications of diabetes are directly related to the physical function.
Methods: The aim of the research is to present the conclusions of the current research and to summarize the basic aspects of rehabilitation treatment of DM: to define general goals and principles, to draw attention to the complications limiting the movement. Results: Physical rehabilitation has a great importance in the treatment of DM and directly affects prognosis of the disease.
Physical activity affects insulin resistance, cardiovascular system, weight loss, peripheral neuropathy, psyche, etc. Physical therapy is significant throughout life, but at different stages of DM, motor rehabilitation recommendations vary.
In the first phase (diagnose and treatment setting), the priority is to educate the inclusion of movement activity into the weekly regime. In the second phase, there are functional and structural changes in the cardiovascular, nervous and musculoskeletal system.
We focus on prevention of diabetic foot syndrome, prevention of movement disorders and maintanence of physical fitness. In the third phase, we encounter an individual with serious complications that limit movement rehabilitation and set specific goals.
We support self-sufficiency, muscle strength and coordination, postural stabilization, respiratory rehabilitation etc. Conclusions: Physical rehabilitation is one of the key components of the comprehensive treatment of diabetes mellitus and therefore needs particular attention