Abstract
Aim of study: the analysis of incidences of congenital anomalies in children born in the Czech Republic in 1994-2015 Type of study: the retrospective epidemiologic analysis of incidences of congenital anomalies in births from the database of the National Registry of Congenital Anomalies of the Czech Republic Methods: We have used the official data from the National registry of Congenital Anomalies (part of National Registry of the Reproductive Health) which is run by the Institute of Health Information and Statistics of the Czech Republic. Selected time period was 1994-2015.
We analysed the incidence of congenital anomalies as a whole and separately for their main groups according to the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10). Results: During 1994-2015 time period there were 87 359 children born with congenital anomaly (diagnosed during first year of life) in the Czech Republic.
From those - there were 51 315 boys and 36 030 girls, in 14 cases the sex was reported as unknown/unidentified. The relative incidence (per 10 000 of live births) was 385.4 for the whole time period, the lowest incidence was 242.5 in 1994, the highest incidence was 448.3 in 2011.
In group of boys the average incidence was 440.6 per 10 000 live births, the lowest incidence was 263.6 in 1994 and the highest incidence as 533.3 in 2011. In group of girls the average incidence was 327.1 per 10 000 live births, the lowest incidence was 220.1 again in 1994 and the highest incidence was 380.9 in 2003.
Conclusion: The incidences of various types of congenital anomalies are changing during the time according to different factors. Three main factors are methodical changes of the registration process, improvement of prenatal diagnostics and the real changes of incidences of selected diagnoses.
While in the previous time period (till 1993) the registry included only selected diagnoses of congenital anomalies, in the new period (starting 1994) the registry includes all diagnoses of congenital anomalies from the ICD-10 classification. We can also see the difference in the incidences from 1994-1999 and 2000-2015 time period.
The reason for this difference is the methodical change of registration, the Registry of congenital anomalies also receives the notifications about possible anomalies from the report of newborn (even when the report of congenital anomaly was not sent). As for the prenatal diagnostics - we may analyse possible changes of incidences - if the specific defect can be diagnosed prenatally.