The Eastern and Central European region of the International Society of Nephrology (ISN) includes 19 member countries: Albania, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Macedonia, Moldova, Poland, Romania, Republic of Serbia, Montenegro, Slovenia, Slovakia, and Turkey. There are marked variations in the demographic and socioeconomic characteristics of these countries, which will impact dealing with chronic kidney disease (CKD), a highly demanding issue from both economic and workforce perspectives.
Nine countries in the region are identified by the World Bank as high income, 9 as upper middle income, and 1 as lower middle income.