Abstract
Many areas of knowledge are developing quite speedy nowadays. Paleoanthropology is surely one of them. The main goal of this paper is to correct some dead ideas and facts about human evolution. Most of this inaccurate information is still the vivid part of Czech textbooks. While textbooks are only one aspect of education, they are included in the majority school lessons and therefore impact pupils' and also teachers' understanding of this topic. So we offer not only correcting some ideas and fact but also the evolutionary explanation of these issues. We focus on four issues:
1. graphic image of evolution,
2. the issue of cognition of modern apes,
3. nomenclature and system of Homo sapiens and Homo neanderthalensis and
4. the issue of mammoth hunting. We hope this text will enable the teachers to create better pedagogical materials and strategies for teaching about human evolution.