Effects of Growth Regulators on Production of Anthocyanins in Callus Cultures of Angelica archangelica
Abstract
Anthocyanins are a group of secondary metabolites whose health benefits have been demonstrated in many epidemiological and experimental studies indicating their potential application for the prevention of cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Plant tissue cultures offer a valuable tool for production of these compounds as an alternative to their isolation from natural sources.
Formation of secondary metabolites in vitro depends on many factors. In this work, effects of 4 auxins (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, 1-naphthaleneacetic acid, indole-3-acetic acid, and indole-3-butyric acid) and 2 cytokinins (benzylaminopurine and kinetin) at 3 different concentrations (0.1, 1, and 10 mg/L) on cell growth and anthocyanin accumulation in dark-grown callus cultures of Angelica archangelica L. were investigated.
The highest biomass and anthocyanin contents were obtained with 1 mg/L benzylaminopurine. Among the auxins, the best results were achieved with either 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid or 1-naphthaleneacetic acid at 0.1 and 1 mg/L.
However, auxins were less effective than cytokinins for growth and anthocyanin accumulation in angelica callus cultures. The influence of auxins and cytokinins on biomass proliferation and anthocyanin production in various plant tissue cultures is discussed.