Abstract
Polyomavirus-associated nephropathy belongs in organ transplant patients to the most risky infection after the human cytomegalovirus infections. The incidence of this disease is increasing.
While in 1995 the prevalence was reported up to 1%, the up-to-date publications report the prevalence within 5% to 10%. The main causative agents are mainly BK polyomavirus and less frequently also JS polyomavirus.
The relationship of other polyomavirus, human polyomavirus 9, to kidney diseases has not been proven yet. The publication summarizes the up-to-date knowledge about the pathogenesis, causative agents, diagnostics and possible treatment of polyomavirus-associated nephropathy.