This article is devoted to essential aspects of the systems theory of Niklas Luhmann, especially with regard to his conception of symbolically generalized communication media. Luhmann's conception shows contemporary society as a functionally differentiated society in which a number of partial social systems (subsystems) operate, each of which is made up of communications that take place in their own distinctive communication medium.
Luhmann presents a picture of a society that does not represent an integrated whole. It is a pluralist entity that operates without a top and without a centre, lacking the means of meta-communication.