This chapter focuses on the difficult balance that universities and univer- sity researchers in the Nordic countries, and beyond, are expected to achieve today with regard to the publication of research results. On the one hand, universities are expected to perform and compete globally, while on the other hand, they still have responsibilities nationally and locally.
As part of this development, Nordic universities also produce a significant and growing number of research publications in English. In the present chap- ter, we examine this development and discuss which implications it has for universities that want to be responsible both towards local taxpayers and the global science system.