Abstract
Immunomodulation of allergic disease, including allergic bronchial asthma by allergen immunotherapy (AIT), reduces the severity of the disease, reduces the use of pharmacotherapy, reduces subsequent sensitization, and has a long-term preventive effect. The essence of AIT involves very early immunomodulation of T and B lymphocyte responses, a change in the production of related antibody isotypes, as well as inhibition of the migration of eosinophils, basophils and mast cells into tissues and the release of their mediators.
Immunological changes gradually induce tolerance to trigger allergen. In the indication of allergic rhinoconjunctivitis, AIT is currently administered subcutaneously or sublingually and is suitable both for children from five years of age and for adolescents and adults with allergy to pollen groups, house dust mites, resp. to animal allergens.
Short-term and long-term effects to reduce the development of asthma are now documented.