Abstract
Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) may play a critical role in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. The goal of this study was to determine the effect of human VAT-released pro-inflammatory cytokines on monocyte adhesion to the endothelium.
The cytokine effects on monocyte adhesion to the endothelial cells (ECs) were tested using adipose tissue-conditioned media (ATCM) prepared by culturing human VAT. The cytokines concentrations in ATCM, the cytokines expression and adhesion molecules in stimulated ECs were measured.
The concentrations of IL-1 β,TNF-α,MCP-1,IL-10,and RANTES measured in ATCM correlated positively with monocyte adhesiveness to ECs. Additionally, ATCM increased the adhesion molecules (ICAM-1, VCAM-1) gene expression.
Selective inhibitors highlighted the importance of IL-1 β and TNF-α in the process by a significant decrease in monocyte adhesion compared to ATCM preconditioning without inhibitors. Human VAT significantly increased monocyte adhesion to ECs.
It was significantly influenced by IL-1 β, TNF-α, MCP-1, IL-10, and RANTES, with IL-1 β and TNF-α having the strongest impact.