In this chapter is discussed the writing by Purkinje "Fragments from the Diary of Perished Naturalist" in contexts his life and work, romantic science, as well as Czech science in the 19th century; author is focused especially on remarkable parallel with the historian Frantisek Palacky and his unfinished early philosophical work "Aesthetics". Comparison of the philosophical fragments of two important personalities of Czech 19th century science, physiologist J.
E. Purkinje and historian F.
Palacky, shows similarities in the context of German clasical philosophy, their life and work, and reception in the Czech society. The paper is part of the collective volume.